The pretty dominant tool with which the gardener works is the soil on his land. The nature of soil differ greatly from region to region, and all the knowledge outlined in this section must be applied to regional conditions. In general, yet, soils can be divided into three categories; claylike, sandy or silt. The perfect soil consists of a good junction of sand, silt and clay, and is classified as great garden loam. Clay soils have the exceeding water-holding capacity, sandy soils the least.

The binding substance of all good soils is an organic substance called humus. Humus increases the water-holding expanse of the soil, easily absorbs the sun's rays, liberates useful compounds for plants from the soil and fertilizes and improves soil texture. Humus is extra to the soil by the use of organic fertilizers such as manure or the product of a compost pile. Humus can be purchased quickly, but the price is usually prohibitive if it is a large area that needs treatment.

The soil is an alive thing. In the tiniest region, several million animal and plant organisms sustain their appointed tasks. The higher the bacterial activity, the more fertile your soil is. Fertility requires four things: bacterial life, sun, water and food. Given the sun, all of the other aspects can be supplementary to the soil by proper treatment. Organic fertilizers supply the soil with all of the three weighty elements. There are a count of ways in which these materials can be added to the soil.

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